Effect of citric acid on antioxidant activity of garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.) under chromium stress

Chromium-VI would impose detrimental effects morphological, physiological, and metabolic in plants. This study aimed to research the impact of citric acid (0, 2.5 and 5 mM), on different the morphological and physiological characteristics of garden cress exposed to chromium-VI stress (0, 1, and 10 mM). Results showed that some growth parameters, chlorophyll, carotenoids, and DPPH activity decreased under chromium, while anthocyanine increased. Also, results showed that the use of citric acid improved the parameters affected by chromium so that the addition of citric acid (2.5, and 5 mM) with chromium (10 mM) significantly enhanced some growth parameters, chlorophyll, carotenoids while a similar increase was observed in the combination of 1 mM chromium and 2.5 mM citric acid, 5 mM citric acid in combination with 1 mM chromium reduced some growth parameters, chlorophyll, carotenoids. The addition of 2.5 and 5 mM citric acid along with chromium 1 and 10 mM significantly decreased anthocyanin content, as compared to chromium alone. Besides, our results showed that citric acid 2.5 and 5 mM alleviated this adverse effect of chromium 1 and 10 mM on DPPH activity. The results also showed that at high chromium concentrations in the soil, the rate of accumulation of this metal in the shoot parts is declining. This means that the transfer from the root to the shoot will increase under the affection of citric acid at high chromium concentrations but in low concentrations of chromium, citric acid reduced the concentration of chromium in the shoot parts considering the chromium uptake and translocation factor results, garden cress in low chromium concentrations, it is suitable for phytoremediation, but in high chromium concentrations, it is not recommended for phytoremediation. Hence, the citric acid played this role through the regulation of the antioxidant system to diminish the toxicity of chromium-VI.Chromium-VI would impose detrimental effects morphological, physiological, and metabolic in plants. This study aimed to research the impact of citric acid (0, 2.5 and 5 mM), on different the morphological and physiological characteristics of garden cress exposed to chromium-VI stress (0, 1, and 10 mM). Results showed that some growth parameters, chlorophyll, carotenoids, and DPPH activity decreased under chromium, while anthocyanine increased. Also, results showed that the use of citric acid improved the parameters affected by chromium so that the addition of citric acid (2.5, and 5 mM) with chromium (10 mM) significantly enhanced some growth parameters, chlorophyll, carotenoids while a similar increase was observed in the combination of 1 mM chromium and 2.5 mM citric acid, 5 mM citric acid in combination with 1 mM chromium reduced some growth parameters, chlorophyll, carotenoids. The addition of 2.5 and 5 mM citric acid along with chromium 1 and 10 mM significantly decreased anthocyanin content, as compared to chromium alone. Besides, our results showed that citric acid 2.5 and 5 mM alleviated this adverse effect of chromium 1 and 10 mM on DPPH activity. The results also showed that at high chromium concentrations in the soil, the rate of accumulation of this metal in the shoot parts is declining. This means that the transfer from the root to the shoot will increase under the affection of citric acid at high chromium concentrations but in low concentrations of chromium, citric acid reduced the concentration of chromium in the shoot parts considering the chromium uptake and translocation factor results, garden cress in low chromium concentrations, it is suitable for phytoremediation, but in high chromium concentrations, it is not recommended for phytoremediation. Hence, the citric acid played this role through the regulation of the antioxidant system to diminish the toxicity of chromium-VI.Chromium-VI would impose detrimental effects morphological, physiological, and metabolic in plants. This study aimed to research the impact of citric acid (0, 2.5 and 5 mM), on different the morphological and physiological characteristics of garden cress exposed to chromium-VI stress (0, 1, and 10 mM). Results showed that some growth parameters, chlorophyll, carotenoids, and DPPH activity decreased under chromium, while anthocyanine increased. Also, results showed that the use of citric acid improved the parameters affected by chromium so that the addition of citric acid (2.5, and 5 mM) with chromium (10 mM) significantly enhanced some growth parameters, chlorophyll, carotenoids while a similar increase was observed in the combination of 1 mM chromium and 2.5 mM citric acid, 5 mM citric acid in combination with 1 mM chromium reduced some growth parameters, chlorophyll, carotenoids. The addition of 2.5 and 5 mM citric acid along with chromium 1 and 10 mM significantly decreased anthocyanin content, as compared to chromium alone. Besides, our results showed that citric acid 2.5 and 5 mM alleviated this adverse effect of chromium 1 and 10 mM on DPPH activity. The results also showed that at high chromium concentrations in the soil, the rate of accumulation of this metal in the shoot parts is declining. This means that the transfer from the root to the shoot will increase under the affection of citric acid at high chromium concentrations but in low concentrations of chromium, citric acid reduced the concentration of chromium in the shoot parts considering the chromium uptake and translocation factor results, garden cress in low chromium concentrations, it is suitable for phytoremediation, but in high chromium concentrations, it is not recommended for phytoremediation. Hence, the citric acid played this role through the regulation of the antioxidant system to diminish the toxicity of chromium-VI.